Exploring the potential of waste fish scales as feed for livestock

Marian  Asantewah Nkansah; Francis  Opoku; Edem  Yigah

Authors

Marian Asantewah Nkansah Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi-Ghana
Francis Opoku Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi-Ghana
Edem Yigah Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi-Ghana

Abstract

Livestock and poultry farming in West Africa and many other world regions are suffering from rising feed costs, particularly protein components, which are scarcely available for village farming and small-scale farming. This research aimed to determine the proximate composition and heavy metal concentration of the scales of Tilapia and Dentex species. The nutritional parameters considered were ash, moisture, protein, crude fibre, fat and carbohydrates and were determined following standard procedures of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The proximate compositions of both scales on dry weight basis were 48.76 - 59.66% d.w. Ash, 29.38 - 40.41% protein, 6.55 - 8.56% moisture, 1.98 - 13.81% carbohydrates and 0.29-0.59% fat. Ash, fat and carbohydrates contents were relatively higher in the Dentex scales, whereas the protein and moisture contents were higher in the Tilapia scales. Crude fibre contents in both scales were below detection. The energy in the Tilapia scales (172.17 kcal/100g) was greater than the Dentex scales (138.07 kcal/100g). Pb, As and Cd levels were relatively higher in the Dentex scales. From the nutritional data obtained, it can be inferred that the Tilapia and Dentex species scales would make suitable feed ingredients with adequate supplementation of some energy giving constituents, particularly carbohydrates and fats. However, based on a comparative assessment, it can be deduced that the scales of Tilapia sp. have a significantly higher nutritional worth than the scales of Dentex sp.

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Exploring the potential of waste fish scales as feed for livestock

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